Bill Clinton:
How is this computer? This is the difference between politician.
Good morning, I am delighted to be here, and very grateful to Tsinghua University, your President, and the professors who are hosting this meeting. I thank you for your good work at the Tsinghua Center for AIDS Research and Training, and I thank the government officials who are here for this important summit. It is a symbol of how important the issue of AIDS is to the future of China.
I would also like to thank my friend Dr. David Ho for being here and for his lifetime commitment to defeating the threat of HIV and AIDS. In 1998, Dr. Ho and I were both speakers at the commencement ceremony for MIT. I was President, but he had just been named Time Magazine's man of the year, showing that people in America understand that a scientist is more important than a politician. At that speeches, Dr. Ho said that his deepest hope was, and I quote "reaching scientific advances will inspire government, academia and the private sector to redouble our efforts to bring an end to this tragedy." A gathering such as this one helps us farther along that road. And when AIDS is finally defeated, Dr. David Ho will be among the heroes who made it happen. I am very grateful to him. I want to congratulate everyone at the ADARC for the launch of the new China AIDS initiative, and to thank the partners, Yale University, the Brookings Institution, the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Wuhan University and the provincial Health Bureaus. I also want to say again how grateful I am to this University for hosting this summit. And I am pleased to see that there are some students here, because your future will be most affected by whether we answer or fail to respond to the challenge of HIV and AIDS. In 1998, I came to China as President-the first American President in 26 years to do so, because I knew that a sound relationship between the world's oldest democracy and the world's oldest civilization was absolutely essential to build a 21st century of peace and prosperity, of greater personal freedom and collective security. I'm proud of the work that China and the United States did together when I was President. Of our agricultural agreement, our rule of law project, permanent normal trade relations, China's entry into the World Trade Organization (WTO), and the work we did for security to try to contain the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, and to deal with the problems on the Korean peninsula. But it is just the beginning of what our countries can and must do together. This kind of cooperation is not simply an intelligent thing to do-it is absolutely necessary in today's world. If we were to give a test to the students at Tsinghua University, that had a one-word answer: In one word, describe the modern world. Most students would say "globalization-it is the age of globalization." They would be right, but I prefer another word: interdependence. For the simple reason that globalization to most of us has something to do with economics. And to be sure we have a global trading system, we have global financial markets-more than $1 trillion (US) cross national borders every single day, far greater than the volume of daily trade. But our relationships in this world go far beyond economics. Interdependence means that we simply cannot escape each others' fate. And that can be good or bad. E-mail and instant messages allow people to stay in touch anywhere in the world. Students from China and the United States can cross the Pacific in just a few hours, and more and more of them do every year. I have a cousin who lives in a town in the mountains of North Arkansas, where I come from, who plays chess every week with a man from Australia on the internet. But SARS also is evidence of our interdependence. A sneeze in Hong Kong led to quarantine in Toronto. And on September 11th, 2001, 19 people used cell phones, the internet, and airplanes to kill 3100 people from 70 countries in the United States. We cannot escape each other.Interdependence is both the great promise and the defining paradox of the 21st century. It calls into high relief the economic and social inequalities across the globe; and none of us can afford to ignore them. For example: at a time when globalization has lifted more people out of poverty in the last 20 years than at any time in human history, 1 billion people still live on less than a dollar a day. At a time when education is the only proven path out of poverty, 1 billion people across the world cannot read a word in their native language, and over 120 million children never go to school. At a time when the mapping of the human genome and the development of sophisticated diagnostic technologies has opened the prospect that babies born in countries with good health systems will soon have life expectancies of 90 years or more, 10 million children die every year of completely preventable childhood diseases. And this year 1 in 4 of all the people who die on earth will die of AIDS, TB, malaria, or infections related to diarrhea. Most of them are little children who never get a single clean glass of water. Today in South Africa, a 15 year old boy has a 50% chance of dying of AIDS. The great mission of the 21st century is to spread the positive forces of interdependence and reduce the negative ones. To move from an unstable interdependence to a more integrated global community. That requires a recognition of shared responsibility, a striving for shared benefits, and a commitment to shared values. There is no challenge that will define our success in this endeavor greater than the challenge of AIDS. It will require shared responsibilities to defeat, success will bring shared benefits, and doing it requires a shared value: a simple belief that our common humanity is the most important thing about life. As most of you here know, more than 42 million people across the world today have the HIV virus. 12,000 more are infected every day, 6 people every minute. If current trends continue, there will be 100 million of these cases by the end of the decade. 25 million people have already died of AIDS, 8,000 more die every day. AIDS kills more people in 2 hours than SARS killed in total. SARS was big news; AIDS doesn't get many headlines anymore. Imagine the headlines that would occur if in 1 day, 8,000 people died in plane crashes, or train wrecks, or were drowned, or killed in an earthquake. But because it happens every day, we actually risk becoming numb to the staggering death toll of AIDS -- we cannot let that happen. I am very grateful to the journalists who are here, and those across the world who care enough about this problem to continue to write about it. I want to especially thank-because we're in China-Elizabeth Rosenthal of the New York Times whose reporting on the orphans of the AIDS epidemic awakened many to the problems in rural China. I know a lot about this-when I became President, America had the biggest AIDS problem in the world. Then I saw it spread to Africa, where two-thirds of the cases now are. But today, AIDS is growing fastest in Russia, and the other states of the former Soviet Union, on Europe's back door; next fastest, among the Caribbean nations, on America's front door. And it is growing rapidly in China and India, the two most populous nations in the world. UNAIDS estimates that there are about a million and a half people living with HIV or AIDS here in China today, with reported cases growing about 30% a year since I came here in 1998. You could have 15 million cases in the near future. India already has 4 or 5 million cases, and if they neglect their problem, they could have 40 or 50 million in the not too distant future. So while very few nations outside Africa today have an infection rate of over 1 percent, that cannot be any comfort to you, or to our friends in India, since even a one-half percent increase would result in hundreds of thousands of new infections, in the world's largest populations. China is moving in a positive direction today-you've had several years of average growth in excess of 10 percent. You have moved 200 million people out of poverty. A new middle class has been created. You are now the fourth largest trading nation and the fourth largest recipient of foreign direct investment in the world. The headlines are hopeful, and the future looks bright. But the weight of 15 or 30 million people living with HIV and AIDS could blunt a lot of your progress. Especially if the burden falls most heavily on young people, those still in school, or those entering the workforce, where their energy and their talent are greatly needed. All of Asia is at a crossroad-beyond China and India, Cambodia has the highest rate of HIV in the Pacific. And in Vietnam, the rise in intravenous drug use is starting to fuel the epidemic. In Bangladesh, a country with about 130 million people, the prevalence jumped from 1.7 percent to 4 percent in just one year. AIDS is no respecter of geography or ethnicity. Beyond the human costs, it is an economic and security threat as well. A great deal is made about SARS and its connection to AIDS. SARS got a lot of press at first because people were afraid of catching it-we didn't know what it was, how it was transmitted, where it began, or whether we could get rid of it if we got it. It became more than a public health crisis when visitor arrivals began plunging by 68% in May. China's tourism now accounts for more than $20 billion-about 5.5% of your GDP. The director of national tourism just announced that by 2020, tourism is expected to account for 11% of your GDP. I have no doubt it will; every American I know wants to come to China. But consider the economic impact of AIDS, and what it would do to tourism if your infection rate dramatically soared. And beyond tourism, what it would do to hard won development gains across the economic spectrum. There are countries in Africa which are now facing a decline of 20%--a decline of 20%-in their GDP over the next 10-15 years. There are places where when there's a vacancy in a factory, 2 people are hired, because the employer assumes one of them will die in the next few months from AIDS. There are communities where there is no one to bring in the farm crop, where the teachers cannot be replaced. Last year in Africa, 890,000 children lost their teachers to AIDS. A new study by economists from the World Bank and Heidelberg University on South Africa suggests that if the tide does not turn, AIDS could cause incomes to be cut in half in the next 3 generations, create a nation dependent on child labor, and pull that country back decades. Beyond the economic impact, this clearly presents a security challenge. In the vacuum created by lost lives, economic and health collapse, and orphan hood, hatred, terror and violence will flourish. Four years ago, when my administration defined AIDS as a national security issue, many of my critics actually laughed at me. No one is laughing now. When an enemy kills this massively, crosses borders and destabilizes countries, that is a security crisis. President Bush and Secretary of State Colin Powell have reaffirmed America's position. Secretary Powell said no war on the face of the earth is more destructive than the AIDS pandemic. AIDS also undercuts the ability of societies to defend themselves. The Congolese estimate that 22 percent of their armed forces are HIV infected. More than one-fifth of South Africa's armed forces carry the AIDS virus. That means they cannot be deployed on UN peacekeeping missions, even though we desperately need more peacekeepers in Africa, as local conflicts increase. Now that's the bad news. But there is a lot of good news--real cause for hope. In Brazil, virtually all AIDS patients are given access to generic drugs manufactured in that country. According to a Ford Foundation report, by integrating treatment and prevention programs, Brazil has saved $422 million a year, in a nation with about 160 million people. In part because the number of people hospitalized with HIV and AIDS has fallen 75 percent over the last 5 years, and the death rate is down 50 percent. In the past 3 years, 31 other developing nations have adopted Brazil's guidelines for prevention and treatment. We have seen similar successes in Uganda, Senegal and other countries. During the 1980 to 90s, the number of Americans diagnosed with AIDS began to decline, and in the 4 years between 1995 and 1997, our mortality rate went down by more than 70%. This disease is 100% preventable. There is medicine which prevents the transmission from pregnant women to their children. There is medicine which makes AIDS a chronic disease instead of a death sentence, for most healthy people. Why, then, are we facing the worst epidemic in human history? It seems to me there are 4 things that we all have to do. We need good national programs, adequate funding, strong leadership, and a global effort, based on our common humanity. We need good programs in place and the health infrastructure to support them. That's important because you can give out the anti-retroviral drugs, but they won't work unless there are people to teach the infected how to use them, and to monitor their use. Anti-retroviral drug distribution hit an obstacle here in China because of a lack of trained doctors to administer them. But I'm pleased the Chinese government has recently pledged to provide treatment for poor patients in urban areas, and all in rural areas. In India, there are now 5000 community centers across the country, but they're not equipped to deal with AIDS. A recent study shows that if groups improved their cooperation, India's HIV infection rate could fall to less than 2% of the population by 2010, instead of what is forecast: more than twice that much. After I left the White House, I decided to do what I could to help deal with the crisis of AIDS. Last summer, when I was in Barcelona at the World AIDS Conference, with President Nelson Mandela, the Prime Minister of a small country in the Caribbean, St. Kitts and Nevis, Denzel Douglas, who himself is a medical doctor, asked me to help set up health systems and get drugs-the anti-retroviral drugs-to the Caribbean. He said "we don't have a denial problem here; we have a money problem and a systems problem. Will you help us set up the systems, and get us the medicine?" I agreed to do it, although I had no idea how I would do so. Eventually, we were asked to help in Rwanda, Tanzania and Mozambique as well. With the leadership of my old friend Ira Magaziner, who's here today, and who worked on healthcare and information technology and internet commerce in the White House with me, we developed a strategy to help the countries in the Caribbean, and the poor African nations that asked for it. We knew the missing ingredients were nationwide health care systems that could provide the delivery of medicine and care of people with AIDS and other infectious diseases, the availability of quality anti-retrovirals and the money to pay for them. This medicine issue is an international scandal. There are 42 million people with HIV, over 6 million people at death's door, only 300,000 people outside of the rich countries getting the medicine. Over a third of them are in Brazil, because the government buys medicine manufactured there. Outside of Brazil, only about 170,000 people in the entire world are getting this medicine. Only 50,000 people in Africa with 6 million people at death's door. Now we knew if the drug prices were lower, we could speed up the delivery of the medications. Even the inexpensive generic drugs typically cost between $350-$500 per person a year. That's far too much in countries where the per capita income is one or two dollars a day. Money shouldn't determine who lives and who dies from AIDS. So we went to work on cutting the price of the anti-retroviral drugs. We sent experts to work with pharmaceutical companies to identify ways to help them cut costs and increase production. We asked them to shift from the strategy of making a lot of money on a small volume to making a little money on a large volume, and we helped to improve productivity. We had about 80 volunteers, including a lot of manufacturing executives in American business move in to some of these plants. And the results were immensely rewarding. Last month, we were able to announce that the price of the triple drug therapy will now be less than $140 a year per person. And we believe we can take it down even lower as we get the volume purchases up. Our contract calls for us to deliver these medicines to people in all the Caribbean nations and poor African nations where we work now for as little as 36 or 38 cents a day, per person. Our goal is to treat 2 million people who don't have access to those drugs today over the next 5 years, including pregnant women. But one provision of the plan we negotiated allows us to include other nations in the drug purchasing-other nations that are too big or too distant for our Foundation to do all the co-systems development work we have. So I hope that these low costs will be available to every nation who is willing to purchase the drugs, including China. The second thing we need, even if at all costs, is more funding -- more funding for the medicine and developing health systems. There are many places where we literally don't have enough-not just doctors-but basic nursing and other medical support, even people to do the testing. And let me just say one word about this-I know that most of you will agree with this-but I'm still amazed that there are people who say they want to set up health systems, they want to set up education systems, they want to set up prevention systems, but they do not want to provide the medicine because the medicine is expensive. They no longer have that excuse. But I can tell you that young people will not be tested, and will not refrain from doing things that spread the virus to others, if they know all they're going to find out by getting tested is that they're about to die. But if they know by being tested, they can get medicine, then they have a real opportunity to change the behavior patterns which have lead to so much death and destruction from AIDS. Two years ago, the World Health Organization said that if the rich countries gave $25 million a year, they could prevent 8 million deaths a year, from AIDS, TB, malaria and other infectious diseases. And as all the health people here know, there is a remarkable coincidence between HIV infection and TB and malaria. Last year, 3 million people died of TB, and 1 million people died of malaria-a lot of them were HIV positive. And the US just approved $20 billion for reconstruction in Iraq. I actually supported that; I think we acquired an obligation to help them as a result of the recent conflict. But for the same $20 billion, spent on building better health outcomes in the developing world, we could save a lot more lives and do more to protect and promote the long term security of our countries. We have a global fund to fight AIDS, TB and malaria, but it is under funded and needs more money. We have remarkable private foundation efforts by the Gates Foundation, individual government efforts, like America's millennium challenge. And recently, the Congress voted to give over $2 billion in money to fight AIDS, which if properly directed, can make a big difference. A few days ago, I was in Oslo, and the Norwegians announced that they would spend several billion dollars over the next five years to help me build health systems in Tanzania and Mozambique. The Canadians and Irish are doing so as well. Our Foundation takes none of this money. All we do is send our volunteers in, and the money goes from the donor governments to the countries that are building their health systems. But we need more of this kind of help. I know that many organizations are investing in China; I know that Dr. Ho and ADARC have chosen China as a place to continue working on a vaccine. We have to do that. In the end, that's the only ultimate answer. I know that the global fund and the US NIH have committed grants for prevention and treatment here. But we need to do more, and we need to do it in a hurry. The Chinese are famous for good plans, for thinking over the long term, for thinking about the good trends. All you have to do is think about the numbers here. You can stop this dead in its tracks, you can turn it around and you can manage it now at a small and affordable price. But if we continue to ignore the implications of AIDS, it will be terrible-not simply for China, but for all the friends and partners of China all around the world. So we need leadership and resolve. I'll give you one example: the Global Fund just designated Thailand to get a grant to prevent HIV among infected injection drug users. Now, as many as 60% of those who inject drugs in Thailand are thought to be HIV positive. The initiative will succeed because they have the money now. Yes, the government embraces the right of the drug users to get the services, but if the leadership is not there, the money won't make any difference. Somehow, after all the evidence of the last 20 years, there are still people who fall back on the cause for fear, the cultural and religious taboos, the difficulties discussing these sensitive issues as reasons not to deal with AIDS. 40 percent of the world's countries still don't have anti-discrimination legislation to protect people living with HIV and AIDS. But it won't go away-it will only get worse if we use these sensitive feelings. One of the reasons that Uganda was one of the first countries in Africa to turn around the AIDS epidemic is that the wife of the President was a public health nurse. And when all of the leaders were saying "well, we can't talk about this, this deals with sex, this deals with drug use, this is a very sensitive thing, our cultures don't permit us to talk about it. She stood up, and she said "you don't talk about it-I'm more interested in stopping our children from dying. If you want to let your kids die, you be quiet, I'm going to go save the kids." And they have this campaign called "the big noise," where they literally scream at each other, to what had to be done to save the lives of the children of their country from HIV and AIDS. We need more of that. I'll never forget being in Nigeria, with President Obasanjo in the biggest country in Africa, and we had an AIDS event in a big public auditorium on national television, and a young man spoke about the struggle to get his wife the drugs to prevent their children from becoming HIV positive-his wife was pregnant. And he talked about how he finally did it-he lost his job, he went through terrible turmoil, but he got the medicine, and his daughter was born without the virus. So the President got up from the stage, and asked the woman to stand up, and he brought her up on the stage and he embraced her on national television-he hugged this woman, and he changed the entire attitude of the country about AIDS. He turned it around completely, and we began to have success. So this is important. I have a picture of that little girl in my office in NY, and I show it to everyone who comes in the door. You shouldn't have to have a father going to lose his job to save a child's life. And the rest of us should be helping. So, I hope I can do something to be of help to China. I hope that these cheaper drugs will be available here and throughout Asia. I will do everything I can. You have the best person in the world here, in David Ho, on your side. But I know that the real heroes of this effort are the people in this country who will not let this issue go away. This is a completely preventable, treatable, manageable problem, but it is on the verge of being the worst epidemic in human history. In the 14th century, when the black plague killed one-third of Europe, people did not know what caused it, how it was spread, or how to treat it. They could hide behind their ignorance as a third of the people on the continent died. We do not have that excuse-we know. And China has come too far to see the futures of millions of its people derailed by it. So let's all do what we need to do, and come back in a few years and celebrate. Thank you very much. 克林顿 ： 这个电脑怎么样啊？这就是在科学家和政客之间的区别。 各位早上好，我今天非常高兴能够参加此次国际研讨会，非常感谢清华大学的校长，各级各位，负责此次会议的教授们。在此，我感谢清华大学在有关HIV艾滋病毒方面的教育工作，而且我知道此次研讨会非常重要，这是一个标志，它标志出对于中国的未来来说，对抗击艾滋病毒非常重要。 在此，我要感谢何大一，我的同事今天到此，并且致力于抗击艾滋病毒的工作。在1998年，何大一教授和我都是马萨诸塞州技术方面的一个会议发言人，当时我是主席，他被《时代杂志》定为封面人物。
在发言中，何教授提到要充分利用科学的先进发展，要充分利用政府、学术界，以及社会的力量来使得艾滋病得以遏制。如果能够最终抗击艾滋病的话，何教授肯定是英雄之一。 在此，我想祝贺戴蒙艾滋病研究中心的诸位同事，要感谢中国医学科学院，中国协和医科大学、清华大学、武汉大学的各位学术界认为，在这儿，我也要说，这些大学非常了不起，举办了此次的峰会研讨会，在座的我也看到有一些学生，因为你们的未来会更多的受到我们今天所强调的内容的影响，就是要抗击艾滋病毒，艾滋病。 在1998年我作为总统到了中国，我知道中美之间的关系在全球的外交方面是极端重要的，我们能够有21世纪的和平和繁荣，并且使得大家在和平的环境中生活是非常重要的。我认为，当我在总统就任期间，中美之间的合作是非常好的，我们有很多的文化交流，民间也进行了很多合作，中国也加入了WTO。就安全方面，我们就核不扩散，大规模武器等方面取得了很多共识。但是我认为，这是我们应该合作的起点，我们有更多的工作要做。
我们的合作是非常重要的，我们现在怎么来描述一个非常大的社会呢？大部分的学生会说全球化，现在的时代是全球化的时代。他们说的是对的，可是我希望他们要看到另一点，就是相互依赖。他们全球的贸易系统，全球的财务市场，有超过一万亿的美元跨越边界，流通全球。我们与全球的关系，不仅仅是在经济领域。
互相依赖也指我们可以互相逃脱各自的命运，无论这个命运是好还是坏，E－mail使我们保持联系，美国、中国的学生可以跨越太平洋，大西洋，这样的跨越几个小时就可以做到。 相互依赖，进入21世纪，我们要在社会中处理每个人都不能避免的难题和障碍。比如说当全球化使得很多人摆脱了贫困，但是有一百万的人每天的生活水平低于一美元，我们的教育只有在摆脱贫困以后才能提高。全球有一百万人不能读懂本国的语言，有1.2亿的孩子不能上学。现在诊断技术得到了发展。对于孩子所感染的疾病，在地球上，人们有时候会由于艾滋病、结核病、疟疾等等受感染，大多数人是儿童，他们根本得不到一杯清洁的水。
在南非，一个15岁的儿童他们只有50％的机会感染艾滋病病毒。对于21世纪来说，一个伟大的使命就是充分利用相互依赖性，使它的劣势降到最低。我们从一个不稳定的，独立的社会朝向一个团结的社区发展，要求我们互相承担职责，并且我们也能得到不同的利益，还要分享相互的价值。任何的挑战，都不可能限定我们的成功。甚至包括艾滋病，也不能阻碍我们。这就要求我们承担职责，共同探索，要求我们从中得到共同的利益。之所以这么做，是要求我们分享相互之间的价值，我们要相信自己，而且要相信人性是生活中最重要的一点。 在座的各位知道，现在全球4200万人感染了艾滋病，每天有超过200人被感染，每分钟就有人死亡。照现在的传播速度，我们在十年末就会有非常多的人们，有5000万人已经死亡了，每天都会有很多人死亡。艾滋病发展的速度要比SARS快得多，当然SARS也是一个非常严重的疾病，但是它已经不能占据报纸的头条了。我认为，如果是在一次报告当中死亡了8万人，可能会有头条，但是它不是每天都发生的。所以我们在艾滋病方面，应该更多地关注，我们不能让这种情况继续下去了。
我对于今天在座的记者们非常感谢，尤其是跨越了全球，把这个问题带到这儿进行讨论，对它进行关怀的人们。另外我也要非常感谢大家，对于孤儿、艾滋病毒感染者的报告，涉及到了中国的情况。我担任美国总统的时候，我就知道这些情况，我知道在非洲蔓延传染病的情况非常严重。
现在俄罗斯和前苏联的各个国家也蔓延得非常迅速。另外在加勒比海沿岸的蔓延情况也非常厉害。
联合国艾滋病规划署预计到有很多人感染了艾滋病病毒，可能会出现5000万病例，印度已经有四五百万，如果不解决的话，将来会达到四五千万。在非洲以外，很少有国家感染率会超过1％，但是大家不能感到舒心，我们在印度的朋友说如果感染病提高0.5％的话，就会造成很多人死亡。
中国在这方面采取了一些举措，过去几年里，你们平均的增长率都有所抑制，现在有20万人已经脱贫，而且中产阶级的人数在上升，你们是世界上第四大贸易国，也是第四大外国直接投资的接受国。现在很多的局面让我们看到未来是很光明的，我们是有希望的。但是，如果有一千五百万到三千万人得了艾滋病的话，就使你们的经济成果毁于一旦。所以我们要认识到正在上学的年轻人，或者进入到劳动力大军的年轻人，他们的精力和才智是非常重要的。
在亚洲，除了印度和中国以外，柬埔寨也是一个非常严重的感染国，除了境外吸毒者，还有其他的一些感染者，孟加拉有1.3亿人口，他们每年会有4％的人受到感染。
除了对人们的健康造成威胁以外，对经济和国家安全也会造成威胁。现在人们关注SARS，SARS引起了很多危机，很多人都会担心感染这种病，因为我们不了解这种病，是怎么传播的，来自何处，我们如何摆脱？这并不仅仅是公共卫生危机，有很多的游客不来旅游了，在5月份，中国游客数下降了68％，旅游业会给中国带来每年两百亿的收入，在国民经济中占有非常大的比重。到2020年，预计游客给GDP带来的收入会降到7％。考虑到艾滋病对经济的影响，我们对于恐怖主义，如果说有这样一种大规模的人口的感染的话，我们该采取什么样的措施，在经济领域中要考虑这样一个问题。
在非洲有一些国家，他们现在面临着20％的GDP的增长率的下降，在未来15年还有20％的下降。有些地区有很多的雇主不愿意雇佣新的员工，因为他们担心这些人因为艾滋病会死亡。还有很多农业庄稼没有人收割，有很多学校没有老师。去年有89万的孩子，由于艾滋病，使得他们的老师都死亡了。
所以在世界银行的一个科学家对于非洲的研究表明，事实上艾滋病在未来的三到五年中会造成非常大的影响，相应地就会增加童工的数量，使得这些国家进一步贫化。
除了经济的影响，我们也看到艾滋病会带来安全方面的危机，除了经济和人们的健康会下降之外，还因为贫困会产生暴力。四年前，当我的政府把艾滋病看作一个安全问题的时候，很多人士嘲笑我这么做，现在他们再也不笑了。我们有这样一个敌人，使得那么多人死亡，使那么多国家受影响，这就是一个安全危机。布什总统和国务卿鲍威尔也进一步强调了美国在这方面的立场，鲍威尔就说，在这个世界上没有哪一个东西的破坏力像艾滋病这么严重。
艾滋病也会削弱整个社会防卫的能力。据刚果政府预测，刚果20％的军队的士兵都受到了影响，还有更多人受到了影响，他们没有办法加入到联合国的维和部队中，由于艾滋病我们无法招收到更多的士兵。我们要对未来充满希望。
在巴西所有艾滋病病人都有一些在当地生产的药品，根据福特基金会报告对一些治疗和预防性治疗，巴西可以每年节省几十亿美元的基金。由于艾滋病住院的人在过去五年下降了75％，死亡率下降50％。在过去四年里，其他的31个发展中国家也借鉴了巴西的治疗做法，在乌干达等国家也取得了成功。 在八十年代到九十年代，美国人患有艾滋病的人数下降了，95，96年死亡率下降了70％。这种疾病是百分之百可以预防的，我们有一些药品可以防止患病，防止人们把疾病传染给自己的孩子。同时我们还有一些预防这种疾病的药物。
现在我们面临的是人类历史上一个最大的疾病，我们需要采取各方面的措施，我们需要有很好的国家计划，有充足的资金，有强有力的领导，同时还需要全球的努力。我们基于共同人类的愿望来携手努力，我们需要有很好的计划，同时有公共基础设施来支持这些项目和计划。可以分发一些药品，但是如果人教患者怎么样使用这些药物的话，就没有用，如果不监督使用药品的话也没有用。
我们在中国还认识到，医生的培训还不够，我非常高兴地看到最近中国政府提出来对农村地区的患病人口要进行免费治疗，我们这方面人员的培训是非常重要的，最近的研究表明，在印度，由于进行合作，他们的感染率到2020年能下降到2％，如果不进行这些合作，预计可能是4％。
在我离开白宫的时候，我决定要采取一些行动，对这个疾病作出努力。我在与曼德拉见面的时候，我们曾经讨论了这个问题，同时我们也见到了道格拉斯医生，我们共同商讨建立在加勒比海地区的机制，他们说问题是一个制度问题，我们要构建一种体系，使得我们获得一些药物和治疗。
我们帮助卢旺达、莫桑比亚等建立这样的机制。有一些当时在白宫和我共同努力的一起人士，我们帮助非洲四个国家和加勒比海地区的国家构建了良好的机制，同时我们能够很好地把药品分发给感染者，和一些传染病病人，进行病毒的控制也是非常关键的，我们认识到医学的问题是全球性的。
现在每4200万感染了HIV病毒，很多人死亡了，但是只有30万富裕国家的人口才能得到药品，在巴西有人得到了治疗，但是是政府购买的，需要在当地生产。非洲只有5万人可以得到这种药品，但是当地有600万人受到了感染。现在药品的价格已经下降了，我们可以加速治疗。即使通用药物不是很贵的话，一年需要350多美元，这个价格很高，有些国家人均产值还不到一美元。
所以我们要努力降低抗击艾滋病病毒的药品价格，我们需要有一些制药公司来想方设法降低价格，提高药品质量。我们希望药品公司改变原来的策略，从多赚钱转变成大批量生产少赚钱，这样可以提高他们的生产力，有很多的志愿者和药品公司推出了这样的计划，其结果是对大家都有好处的。
上个月，有一些治疗方法的价格一年是不到140美元，我们相信我们还会把这个价格进一步降低。我们要把这些药品提供给四个非洲国家和加勒比海地区的国家，现在他们每天一个人只需要30美分就可以了，我们的目标是所有人都可以得到这些药品，包括怀孕妇女。
我们正在谈判的一个合同条款就是希望使得我们和其他国家在购买药品的时候得到一些很好的条件，有些国家离我们的基金太远了，或者处于比较偏远的地方，无法得到我们的帮助，但是我们希望通过成本的下降，希望使得愿意买这些药品的人都可以买到，包括中国。
不仅仅是降低成本，还要提高基金，一方面的是药物的基金，另外是医疗设施的构建，一些地方不仅缺乏医生还缺乏基本的护理，有的地方做检测的人都没有。现在很多人说想建立一个公共卫生体系，体系，疾病防治体系，但是不想提供药品，因为药品太贵了，现在不应该有这种借口，药品价格已经下降了。
现在年轻人是无法得到检测的，他们就会把疾病传染给别人，因为他们不知道自己有这种病毒。如果经过检测以后，他们知道了，可以治疗的话，他们就会改变他们的行为，这种行为的改变，就会对艾滋病带来的破坏就会减小。
两年前，WHO说富裕国家的人每年可以花二千五百万美元，每年就可以帮助减少八百万人不会死于疟疾、结核病、霍乱。去年三百万人死于结核病，一百万人死于疟疾，其中很多人都是HIV阳性患者。在美国批准有200亿的资金来支持伊拉克政府的重建，我也支持美国政府的这个决策，如果200亿我们花在构建更好的医疗基础的话，我们可以挽救更多人的生命，我们可以更好地促进长期的国家的安全状况。 我们现在有一个预防结核病、霍乱的基金，在全球都开展了活动，还有盖茨基金业从事艾滋病的防治工作。美国国会决定拨出20亿美元的资金来抗击艾滋病，希望这个努力可以得到很好的结果，现在美英政府也决定在未来几年里出资几百万，上亿的资金来构建莫桑比克的一些很好的基础设施，我们的基金，我们并不是把这些钱自己拿到手里，我们希望这个钱是由捐助国来直接放到某一个所支持的国家里，帮助当地开展活动。
我知道很多组织都在中国做了投资，我知道，何大一先生和他们的戴蒙艾滋病研究中心在中国进行疫苗的测试。我们希望通过疫苗能够找出一个很好的解决方法。我知道，美国国家研究中心也在中国开展了一些活动，但是我们还是要做更多的工作，我们需要赶快地采取行动。
中国人他们有很好的规划，他们总是有长远的目光来制定长远的计划，你们现在要考虑到，在中国现在这方面的素质正在逐步上升，你们可以想象用一种可以支付的价格来扭转局面，如果忽视了艾滋病的影响就非常可怕，不仅对中国非常可怕，而且对于中国的很多合作伙伴都是非常可怕的结局，所以我们需要强有力的领导和决心。我给大家举例来说，全球基金有一个时间表，最近在泰国，我们希望能够对那些吸毒者进行干预，60％的境外吸毒者都有HIV阳性，我们推出了一个计划，我们也在当地有了一些资金，如果政府能够让境外吸毒者纳入到整个的项目当中来，而且让这些境外吸毒者在项目当中成为领导角色的话，我们就有希望成功。
过去二十年有证据表明，仍然有很多人还是感到担心，或者有一些宗教上的禁戒，他们不愿意公开讨论这些问题，并且把这些当做一种借口。40％的国家仍然对艾滋病的病人有一种歧视性的立法。但是，光靠歧视是不能解决问题的，如果不解决问题，歧视会更严重，因为这毕竟是一个敏感的情绪。 乌干达之所以是非洲第一个扭转艾滋病发展趋势的国家，是因为当时总统的夫人公开做了演讲，所有领导人都说这和吸毒，和性有关，不能公开讨论。总统夫人站出来，她说，你们不谈它，但是我更关心的是不能让我们的儿童继续死，你们想让儿童死亡是另外一回事，我不想让这些儿童死亡，我想救他们。总统夫人大声喊叫，呼吁这个问题，防止本国儿童死于艾滋病。
在尼日利亚，它的总统也在这方面做出了很多工作，我们国家也在电视台做了一些宣传。有一个男人想阻止他的妻子吸毒，不想让他们的孩子得艾滋病，他的妻子怀孕了，他的女儿出生以后没有艾滋病病毒。所以总统上台，在国家电视台，总统拥抱了这位妇女。就是这样一个片子，改变了人们的观点，说明我们可以采取行动，使得我们的战斗取得成功。这个小女孩的照片是挂在我白宫的办公室里的。没有哪一个父亲愿意失去工作，他们都很关心自己的孩子和妻子，我们要靠这种关心来引起我们的关注。
我希望我能够对中国提供一些帮助，我希望把便宜的药品带到中国和整个亚洲来，我会尽全力来做这方面的工作。 你们有世界上最优秀的人才，何大一教授就站在你们这一边，我们还有更多的英雄，也希望更多的中国人纳入到战斗的队伍中来，这是完全可以防止、治疗、控制的问题。但是它有可能人类历史上最严重的流行病。
在14世纪我们曾经爆发出的黑死病使得欧洲四分之一的人死亡，大家不知道爆发的原因是什么，是怎么扩散的，以及怎么治疗。现在我们没有这种借口了，我们不能说我们不知道，我们知道，中国已经认识到在将来将有上百万的人会受此影响，我们要继续努力，希望在未来我们能取得成功，我们一起来庆贺我们的成功。 谢谢。 | 
